S&P Global Ratings upgraded India’s sovereign rating higher within the investment grade universe, to BBB from BBB-, with a stable outlook. This comes after the agency had raised the country’s outlook to positive in May 2024, ahead of the results of then-held general elections. With this first upgrade in nearly 18years, India is now on par with Indonesia and Mexico. The newsbreak saw the rupee briefly pare losses, along with a modest gain in 10Y bonds. Onshore markets are closed on Friday to mark Independence Day.
Positive impetus on the back of this upgrade will help lower the risk premium on the sovereign’s debt as well as ease corporates’ offshore borrowing costs. The favourable rating action was a product of improvement in fiscal consolidation, success in anchoring inflationary expectations and maintaining a sound external position. The centre’s budget targeted FY26 deficit at -4.4% of GDP, half from Covid highs. Additionally, with this year’s Budget focused on aligning deficits with overall debt levels, the cumulative – centre and state – deficit and debt levels are expected to recede in the coming years, aided by healthy growth momentum as well as consolidation efforts. As it stands, fiscal risks are partially mitigated by an almost complete reliance on domestic financing of the government debt. S&P projected a decrease in the general government level to 78% of GDP by FY26 vs 83% in FY25. Growth is projected at a realistic 6.5% (DBSf FY26: 6.3%), along with inflation to settle within 4.0-4.5% until 2028.
Assessment on India’s external balance was favourable, marked by a strong reserves stock (comfortable coverage ratios), narrow current account deficits and contained external debt levels. Strong legislative and executive institutions represent an additional credit strength, besides a strong commitment to reforms. In the near-term, S&P expects the impact of the sharp increase in tariffs imposed by the US, 25% baseline plus 25% penalty, to be manageable, given the domestic demand-oriented nature of growth. Overall, this upgrade was long time in the making, given the structural improvements in the past decade. Beyond the kneejerk reaction, we expect the INR assets to draw direction from global developments, including dollar movements, progress on trade talks and US FOMC’s signals, besides domestic catalysts.
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